How a New Brain Surgery Approach Is Changing Intraventricular Tumor Care in India
Deep-seated brain tumors that arise within the ventricular system have long tested the limits of neurosurgical precision. Their location—surrounded by critical white-matter pathways—means that even successful tumor removal can sometimes come at the cost of neurological function.
At the Neurological Society of India Conference (NSICON / NSI 2025), a presentation from Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, quietly signaled a shift in how these tumors may be approached in the Indian clinical setting.
Senior neurosurgeon Dr. Mohana Rao Patibandla presented a 51-case consecutive clinical series on BrainPath-assisted intraventricular tumor resection using the parafascicular approach—the first sustained Indian adoption and the largest reported series from the country to date.
Rather than focusing on novelty, the presentation centered on outcomes, feasibility, and anatomical respect—principles increasingly defining modern neurosurgery worldwide.
Why Intraventricular Brain Tumors Are So Difficult to Treat
Intraventricular tumors arise within the fluid-filled cavities of the brain—the lateral, third, or fourth ventricles. While relatively uncommon, they often present late, with symptoms such as:
- Persistent headache due to raised intracranial pressure
- Hydrocephalus
- Visual disturbances
- Cognitive or motor deficits
Traditional surgical routes—transcortical or transcallosal—require passing through healthy brain tissue to reach these deep lesions. Although effective for access, these approaches inherently carry risks related to cortical and white-matter injury.
For decades, neurosurgeons have searched for ways to reduce approach-related damage without compromising tumor removal.
The Parafascicular Concept: Operating Between Pathways, Not Through Them
The parafascicular approach is based on a simple but powerful principle: the brain has natural corridors between white-matter fiber tracts.
Instead of cutting across functional pathways, this strategy navigates between them, minimizing collateral injury. When combined with tubular access systems such as BrainPath and precise neuronavigation, surgeons can reach deep-seated intraventricular tumors through a narrow, controlled surgical corridor.
Globally, this technique has gained attention only in recent years. Until now, however, Indian outcome-based data supporting this approach had been limited.
What the NSI 2025 Series Demonstrated
The 51-case series presented at NSI 2025 included:
- Pediatric and adult patients
- Tumors involving the lateral, third, and fourth ventricles
- A uniform minimally invasive parafascicular strategy applied consistently
Across the series, several clinically relevant observations were noted:
- High rates of gross or near-total tumor resection
- Limited approach-related neurological morbidity
- Controlled blood loss and operative duration despite lesion depth
- Feasibility across age groups, including children
Importantly, the presentation emphasized reproducibility and safety rather than isolated technical success.
Why This Indian Dataset Matters
In global neurosurgery, technique adoption often precedes long-term outcome data. What distinguished the NSI 2025 presentation was not only the method itself, but the scale and consistency of its application within an Indian tertiary-care environment.
The series represents:
- The first documented sustained use of parafascicular intraventricular surgery in India
- The largest single-surgeon dataset from the country using this technique
- A foundational reference for training, research, and future multi-center collaboration
As neurosurgery increasingly prioritizes functional preservation, such indigenous datasets play a critical role in shaping responsible adoption.
Watch the NSI 2025 Scientific Presentation
The complete academic presentation delivered at NSI 2025 is available on YouTube:
▶ BrainPath-Assisted Intraventricular Tumor Surgery – NSI 2025
The video details surgical planning, execution, outcome analysis, and limitations in a purely scientific and educational format.
Advanced Neurosurgical Care Beyond Metropolitan Centers
The ability to perform complex deep-brain surgery consistently depends on more than surgical technique alone. At Dr. Rao’s Hospital, this work is supported by:
- Advanced neuronavigation systems
- Minimally invasive tubular access technologies
- Dedicated neurosurgical operating theaters
- Comprehensive perioperative and neurocritical care
This integration of infrastructure and expertise has enabled systematic adoption of advanced neurosurgical strategies in a non-metro setting.
About Dr. Mohana Rao Patibandla
Dr. Mohana Rao Patibandla is a senior Indian neurosurgeon and the Founder, Chairman, and Managing Director of Dr. Rao’s Hospital, a tertiary-care center for neurology, neurosurgery, and spine surgery in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. With over two decades of clinical experience, he is known for his work in minimally invasive brain and spine surgery, skull base surgery, pediatric neurosurgery, epilepsy surgery, neuro-oncology, and functional neurosurgery.
He completed his MBBS from Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, and his MCh in Neurosurgery from Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad. Dr. Patibandla has received advanced fellowship training in India and the United States, including skull base surgery, epilepsy surgery, minimally invasive neurosurgery, pediatric neurosurgery, stereotactic and radiosurgery, cerebrovascular and endovascular neurosurgery, and neuro-oncology.
He is recognized for introducing advanced neurosurgical technologies and protocols in Andhra Pradesh, including endoscopic and keyhole neurosurgery, intraoperative neuromonitoring, and image-guided procedures.
What This Means for Patients and the Field
For patients facing intraventricular brain tumors, the parafascicular approach offers a potential pathway toward safer access with greater emphasis on neurological preservation.
For the neurosurgical community, the NSI 2025 series serves as an early Indian reference point—encouraging careful adoption, structured reporting, and long-term outcome evaluation.
Rather than marking an endpoint, the 51-case series highlights a direction: one in which deep brain surgery evolves toward precision, restraint, and respect for anatomy.
Implications for Neurosurgical Training and Skill Development
The adoption of parafascicular strategies for intraventricular tumors has implications beyond individual patient outcomes. It necessitates a shift in how neurosurgeons are trained to think about deep brain anatomy.
Traditional neurosurgical training has emphasized safe cortical entry points and exposure-based resections. In contrast, parafascicular surgery requires:
- Advanced understanding of white-matter anatomy and tractography
- Preoperative trajectory planning rather than exposure planning
- Comfort with limited working corridors and depth-oriented visualization
As more Indian centers begin to explore minimally invasive deep brain surgery, structured training modules and cadaveric simulation will become increasingly important.
Ethical Considerations in Adopting New Surgical Techniques
The introduction of newer surgical approaches raises ethical questions related to patient selection, informed consent, and outcome transparency.
In the NSI 2025 presentation, emphasis was placed on responsible adoption—selecting cases where the parafascicular approach offered a clear anatomical advantage rather than using the technique indiscriminately.
This highlights an important principle in modern surgery: innovation should be guided by patient benefit and evidence, not novelty alone.
Role of Long-Term Outcome Measurement
While early postoperative neurological preservation is encouraging, long-term follow-up remains essential—particularly for pediatric patients.
Future Indian studies will need to evaluate:
- Neurocognitive development and academic performance in children
- Quality-of-life metrics in adults
- Durability of tumor control
- Late-onset neurological or neuropsychological sequelae
Such data will be critical in determining how widely parafascicular approaches should be incorporated into national treatment guidelines.
Moving Toward Multi-Center Collaboration in India
Single-center experiences, while valuable, represent only the first step in technique validation. The NSI 2025 series opens the door for broader collaboration across Indian neurosurgical centers.
Multi-center registries and shared outcome reporting could help:
- Define standardized indications
- Benchmark complication rates
- Shorten learning curves for newer surgeons
- Generate data relevant to diverse patient populations
Such collaboration would also ensure that advanced techniques evolve within a framework of shared responsibility and peer review.
The Broader Shift in Neurosurgical Philosophy
The growing interest in parafascicular and minimally invasive approaches reflects a broader philosophical shift in neurosurgery—from maximal exposure to maximal preservation.
Success is no longer measured solely by radiological extent of resection, but by how well neurological function, cognition, and quality of life are maintained after surgery.
In this context, the NSI 2025 presentation aligns with global trends that prioritize precision, restraint, and anatomical respect.
Conclusion: An Evolving Chapter, Not a Final Verdict
The Indian experience with parafascicular intraventricular tumor surgery remains in its early stages. The 51-case series presented at NSI 2025 should therefore be viewed not as a definitive conclusion, but as an important opening chapter.
As additional data emerge, techniques refine, and collaborative research expands, the true role of this approach will be more clearly defined.
For now, the work contributes a meaningful Indian perspective to an evolving global conversation—one that places patient safety, functional preservation, and scientific rigor at the center of neurosurgical progress.
Dr. Mohana Rao Patibandla, M. Ch (NIMS), FESBSS (KIMS), FAANS (USA), FMINS (OSU, USA), FEVNS (UVA, USA), FPNS (UCD, USA), FNOSRS (UVA, USA).
Dr. Rao’s Hospital / Patibandla Narayana Swamy Neurosciences LLP
12-19-67, Old Bank Road, Kothapet, Besides AK Khan Biryani point, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India 522001
Phone: +91 9010056444
Email: info@drraoshospitals.com; drpatibandla@gmail.com; Website: https://drraoshospitals.com
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is parafascicular brain surgery?
Parafascicular brain surgery is a minimally invasive neurosurgical technique that accesses deep brain tumors by navigating between natural white-matter fiber pathways rather than cutting through them. This approach aims to reduce injury to healthy brain tissue.
What is BrainPath-assisted intraventricular tumor surgery?
BrainPath-assisted surgery uses a tubular access system guided by neuronavigation to reach intraventricular brain tumors through a narrow corridor. It supports parafascicular access and helps minimize approach-related brain injury.
How is parafascicular surgery different from traditional brain tumor surgery?
Traditional brain tumor surgery often involves transcortical or transcallosal approaches that pass through normal brain tissue. Parafascicular surgery instead follows natural anatomical corridors, focusing on functional preservation while achieving tumor removal.
Is parafascicular intraventricular tumor surgery safe?
When performed in appropriately selected patients and specialized centers, parafascicular intraventricular tumor surgery has shown encouraging safety profiles with limited approach-related neurological deficits. Long-term outcomes continue to be studied.
Who is a candidate for parafascicular intraventricular tumor surgery?
Candidacy depends on tumor location, size, relationship to white-matter tracts, patient age, and overall neurological status. A detailed MRI and surgical planning are essential to determine suitability.
Can children undergo parafascicular brain tumor surgery?
Yes. Parafascicular approaches have been applied in pediatric patients, where preserving developing white-matter pathways is particularly important. Careful case selection and specialized expertise are required.
Does parafascicular surgery reduce recovery time?
Because this approach minimizes disruption to healthy brain tissue, some patients may experience better functional preservation and smoother recovery, although recovery time varies depending on tumor type and individual factors.
Is this type of brain surgery available in India?
Parafascicular BrainPath-assisted intraventricular tumor surgery has been introduced in select Indian centers, with clinical data presented at national neurosurgical conferences. Availability depends on expertise and infrastructure.
What are the risks of intraventricular brain tumor surgery?
Risks can include bleeding, infection, neurological deficits, hydrocephalus, or tumor recurrence. The exact risk profile depends on tumor location, size, and the surgical approach used.
How do surgeons plan parafascicular brain surgery?
Surgeons use high-resolution MRI, tractography, and neuronavigation to plan a surgical corridor that avoids critical white-matter pathways while allowing safe access to the tumor.
Where can I learn more about this surgical technique?
Scientific presentations and peer-reviewed discussions, such as those delivered at national neurosurgical conferences, provide detailed insights. Educational videos and expert consultations also help patients understand the approach.